It’s been a while since I brought you a transplant update so I thought I should get at that knowing that without one soon, your days just wouldn’t be the same.

I haven’t done an update for a while because I’m still in the midst of the tests. You’ll recall the evaluation process started with a series of exams and some “simple” diagnostics – labs, x-rays, EKG, and sonogram. Those were all done in a single visit to the transplant unit at the hospital. More in depth testing was ordered and those are a previously alluded to cardiac stress test, an echocardiogram, a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis, and a colonoscopy. They should have all been completed by now but the physician doing the colonoscopy had to postpone so that is now scheduled next week. After that I have to secure a medical clearance from my urologist to go with the clearances already secured from the dermatologist and rheumatologist.

You might ask why they need all these tests and clearances and that’s why I’m here. At least for this post. The initial tests determined suitability to undergo the actual operation. For any surgery, a patient will be ordered an initial exam and basic labs, chest x-ray, and EKG. Usually those labs include chemistries and blood studies to see how the body is processing, and the exam is done by the surgeon or a PCP to get an idea of the patient’s general health.

The initial transplant lab tests included the basics but added blood and tissue typing to determine what to look for in a donor organ and some specific tests to exclude the possible or potential exposure to hepatitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, or cytomegalovirus. These would not exclude a patient from transplant but might indicate additional tests or precautions, or possible vaccines or treatments, may be required.

The more in-depth testing of the echocardiogram and stress test are necessary not only to determine if the patient will be able to withstand the rigors of major surgery but also the aftercare which will be complicated by a drug regimen including immunosuppressants and corticosteroids. The colonoscopy is necessary to detect the presence of any cancers not noted by other tests or reviews which might exclude a patient from consideration.

The medical clearances are specific to each patient’s history. The initial referral must come from a nephrologist or kidney specialist. Nephrology is the specialty involved with the patients already ongoing dialysis treatments so that physician is most able to tell if there would be a possible benefit to considering a transplant and the urgency if so considered.

Every potential transplant patient is also required to have a dermatology clearance. This seemingly unrelated specialty clearance might sound an odd requirement. The immunosuppressive drugs used for life after transplant are associated with the possible development of skin cancers. The dermatologist can establish if the patient already is at risk or has melanoma activity and can further establish a baseline survey to be used as a control for future annual examinations. In my case the dermatology consult was of more significance because I am already being treated with immunosuppressants for the Wegener’s Granulomatosis (now called Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) (and we already talked about my feelings on that bit of nomenclature)) that is the apparent cause of my renal failure.

Wegener’s is also responsible for my requirement to have a rheumatology clearance. As a vasculitis, rheumatologists are the most common specialists to be consulted on Wegener’s as are many other autoimmune diseases such as Lupus or Crohn’s Disease. A target organ of Wegener’s is the kidney, especially true in my particular case, so the clearance is required to establish that the disease is not in an active state that would place the donated organ at the same risk of failure as the present. Other organs affected by Wegener’s include lungs, sinuses, and the general vascular system, so active disease would impact the surgery and aftercare even in the absence of kidney involvement.

A urology clearance is also specific to my case because of my medical history having had bladder cancer. That was treated by the removal and subsequent replacement of my natural bladder. I was diagnosed with bladder cancer in 2012. After several attempts of excision of the tumors which all resulted in recurrence we made the decision to remove the bladder completely. This would mean some artificial means of holding liquid waste that typically is done by that unsung organ.  Because I was quite young at the time (only 57, and yes, that is young!) we elected to have a new bladder created, appropriately called a neobladder in the medical world, which the urologist fashioned out of a piece of my ileum. That is the final part of the small intestines that connects the small and large intestines. Long story short, it required a very extensive operation and a lot of “re-plumbing.” The urology clearance will confirm there has been no recurrence of the cancer and that all the pieces are still functioning as they should be and are in the places where they should be and the most appropriate locations for the placement and connection for a donor kidney. The specific requirement for my abdominal/pelvic CT scan will aid him in his part of the evaluation.

And that, in not too brief but actually quite brief discussion is why I am still going through all my evaluation tests. I know, your next question is doesn’t that seem to be too long and too involved for a transplant? And right on the heels of that you might ask but aren’t transplants life and death type operations, why such a long wait for these people?

To the first if those I agree it’s taking a while but no, I don’t think it is too long. Certainly you want to be thorough in evaluating the ability of the patient (remember, that’s me) to get through the operation and that you don’t end up with a successful operation but a dead patient (again, me). So I don’t mind everybody taking their time and getting things right.

And to the question aren’t transplants life and death and you don’t want to take forever with this, I say yes and no. In the case of a kidney transplant there is an alternative treatment to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). That is dialysis. Of course a transplant will result in a more natural and often longer life, but dialysis, for all its flaws (enough flaws to keep an entire blog running for a good long while) will keep a kidney patient alive. Like a patient waiting for a heart transplant, if I don’t get a transplant I will probably eventually die from my disease. Unlike a waiting heart transplant patient, I can’t mark that inevitability on my calendar. All transplants can mean the difference between life and death but when you consider sustainable alternatives, for some like a heart, liver, or lung patient, a transplant is more urgent than others like maybe the waiting kidney or pancreas transplant patient.

And so the journey continues, albeit slowly. And my thanks to you for coming along also continues. So please, stay tuned.

Related posts

First Steps (Feb. 15, 2018)
The Next Step (March 15, 2018)
The Journey Continues (April 16, 2018)